济宁市青春中前期青少年心理行为、个性特征发育的双生子研究

发布时间：2018-01-14 10:18

本文关键词：济宁市青春中前期青少年心理行为、个性特征发育的双生子研究　出处：《华中科技大学》2009年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 研究目的本研究通过对青春中前期双生子心理行为及个性特征发育的调查，掌握该特殊人群在特殊阶段心理行为及个性特征的发生率和分布状况，探讨影响行为个性发育的主要因素。并在双生子卵形鉴定的基础上，对双生子进行形态发育、机能发育、激素分泌水平、血生化和微量元素等生理、生化和体格发育指标、心理行为和个性发育的遗传度分析，定性研究遗传对青少年心理行为、个性发育、生理发育状况的影响，找出影响该时期儿童青少年行为及个性发育的主要因素，为进一步探寻精神疾病的病因提供线索；为教育工作者和家长培养教育下一代，改善青春中前期青少年身心发育，纠正不良行为提供科学依据；为正确指导儿童青少年的生长发育提供全面的理论基础；为有效解决儿童青少年心理行为疾患制定及时、有效的干预措施提供依据。研究方法本研究运用青少年自评量表和艾森克个性问卷简式量表，，在建立济宁市青春中前期青少年行为和个性发育常模的基础上，评价该阶段双生子的行为及个性发育状况，建立影响心理行为和个性发育的回归模型。然后采用微卫星DNA基因扫描和分型技术，准确区分同卵双生子和异卵双生子，运用遗传度探讨遗传与环境因素对青春中前期青少年生理、行为、个性、生化和体格指标的影响。所有数据运用EPIDATA建立数据库，进行资料的录入、整理、核查及分值的转换、汇总和计算。应用SPSS11．5和SAS8．0软件包进行数据的分析。在资料分析和数据处理中运用了描述性分析方法、t检验、u检验、方差分析、x~2检验、Logistic回归分析、多重线型回归分析等方法。研究结果 1．本研究建立了济宁市11～17岁青少年自评量表(YSR)分界值常模。并利用该常模筛查青少年行为问题，总检出率为15．77％。男、女生行为问题检出率分别为17．50％、13．60％；城、乡初中学生行为问题检出率分别为13．51％、17．31％，性别、城乡之间行为问题学生检出率差异无统计学意义。 2．青春中前期双生子总体行为问题检出率为7．25％，显著低于普通儿童(x~2=12．80，p＜0．01)。运用logistic逐步回归分析显示母亲文化程度(OR=0．973)、母亲情感温暖理解的养育方式(OR=0．827)是降低行为问题发生的保护性因素；高精神质(OR=1．400)、父亲拒绝否认的养育方式(OR=1．611)、父母婚姻状况的不稳定(OR=1．410)、母亲过度干涉保护的养育方式(OR=5．382)、情绪的不稳定(OR=1．687)、家庭中重大事件的发生(OR=1．240)是导致出现行为问题的危险性因素。 3．青春中前期双生子大多个性内倾、富于内省。在情绪上表现稳定、有节制、不紧张。男性双生子中无高精神质者，120名女性双生子中只有12岁年龄组中有2名。总体高掩饰性在不同性别间差异无统计学意义。运用多因素分析显示性别、年龄、家庭环境、父母的教养方式等是影响个性发育的主要因素。 4．本次研究结果显示，青少年血铅含量与攻击性行为、外向性行为之间存在正相关关系，铅中毒双生子青少年违纪行为、攻击行为、外向行为得分显著高于低血Pb组。血清Fe和血清Zn未显示出其与行为和个性发育的相关性。T_4与焦抑呈现正相关性，与P维度呈现负相关性；雌三醇与E维度呈现正相关性，与P维度呈现正相关性；雄性激素与E维度呈现正相关性；GH与违纪呈现负相关性。 5．本次研究获得行为10项综合症退缩、主诉、焦抑、社交、思维、注意、违纪、攻击、内向和外向症状的遗传度分别为0．085、0．159、0．054、0．043、0．126、0．002、0．086、0．076、0．001和0．081，；个性E、N、P、L四个维度的遗传度分别为0．033、0．029、0．053和0．002；身高、坐高、体重、肩宽、胸围和腰围遗传度分别为：0．844、0．772、0．793、0．609、0．624和0．552和其它生理、生化指标等的遗传度。说明行为和个性的发育主要受到环境因素的影响，体格发育主要受到遗传因素的影响。研究结论本研究显示双生子心理行为问题发生率要低于普通青少年，社会环境、家庭环境和父母的教养方式等因素是影响双生子行为和个性发育的主要因素，通过遗传度分析显示青春中前期双生子青少年行为问题和个性的发育虽然受遗传和环境的双重影响，但环境因素的影响远远大于遗传因素。这提示学校、家庭和社会相关部门应该针对不同性别、不同年龄阶段的不同个性特征及其特定的文化背景的青少年，加强心理卫生健康教育，改善青少年的健康状况，使他们开阔视野，正确认识自己，发展良好的个性品质，引导和鼓励他们与同伴之间的交流，以减少心理行为问题的发生。研究创新通过本研究了解遗传及环境因素对11-17岁青少年行为及个性发育的影响，找出了影响该时期青少年行为及个性发育的主要因素，对教育工作者及家长培养教育下一代具有积极的指导意义。课题具有以下三点创新： 1．本课题选择双生子作为调查人群，在卵型鉴定的基础上，创新性地开展了行为、个性发育的遗传度研究，运用青少年自评量表进行行为遗传度分析未见报道； 2．首次探索性地研究微量元素和激素分泌水平对青春中前期双生子心理行为及个性发育的影响； 3．通过本课题的实施首次建立了济宁市中学生行为及个性发育的常模。
[Abstract]:research objective
This study through the investigation of the personality characteristics and development of youth in the early twin psychological behavior, grasp the special groups in the incidence and distribution of the special stage of psychological behavior and personality characteristics, to explore the main factors influencing the behavior of personality development. Based on the twin oval on the identification, function of the twin morphology development growth hormone secretion, blood biochemical and trace elements such as physiological, biochemical and physical development indexes, genetic analysis of psychological behavior and personality development, genetic qualitative research on adolescent, personality development, affect the physical development status, to find out the main factors affecting the period of children and adolescents behavior and personality development, provide clues to further explore the etiology of mental illness; for educators and parents education of the next generation, to improve the youth in the early adolescent physical and mental development, correct bad It provides a scientific basis for behavior, provides a comprehensive theoretical basis for correctly guiding the growth and development of children and adolescents, and provides a basis for timely and effective interventions to effectively solve psychological and behavioral disorders in children and adolescents.
research method
This research uses the adolescent self rating scale and Eysenck personality questionnaire, based on the norm of early adolescent behavior and personality development on the establishment of Jining city youth, evaluate the behavior of the twin stage and personality development, establish the regression model of the effect of psychological behavior and personality development. Then using microsatellite DNA gene scan and analysis, accurately distinguish between monozygotic twins and dizygotic twins, with heritability of genetic and environmental factors on youth in the early adolescent physiology, behavior, personality, affect the biochemical and physical index. All the data using the EPIDATA database, data entry, sorting, verification and conversion value, collection and calculation. The application of SPSS11.5 and SAS8.0 software package was used for data analysis. The data analysis and data processing using the method of descriptive analysis, t test, u test, analysis of variance, x~2 Test, Logistic regression analysis, multiple linear regression analysis and other methods.
Research results
1. the establishment of the city of Jining from 11 to 17 years old adolescents self rating scale (YSR) boundary value norm. And the norm of behavior screening of youth problems, the total detection rate of 15.77%. male, female behavior problems were detected in 17.50%, 13.60%; the city and township middle school students problem behavior detection rate was 13.51% 17.31%, gender, student behavior problems between urban and rural areas was no statistically significant difference.
2. youth in the early twin general problem behavior detection rate was 7.25%, significantly lower than that of normal children (x~2=12.80, P < 0.01). By using logistic stepwise regression analysis showed that mother's education level (OR=0.973), mother's emotional warmth and understanding rearing pattern (OR=0.827) is to reduce the protective factor for problems; high psychoticism (OR=1.400), his father refused to deny parenting (OR=1.611), unstable marital status of parents (OR=1.410), mother's excessive interference and protection rearing patterns (OR=5.382), emotional instability (OR=1.687), the major event in the family (OR=1.240) is the risk factors causing behavior problems.
3. youth in the early twin mostly introverted, full of introspection. The performance of stability, emotional restraint, not nervous. Male twins in high spirit, 120 female twins, only 12 year old age group in 2. The overall high cover of no statistical significance in the difference between the different gay. Multivariate analysis showed that gender, age, family environment, parental rearing styles are the main influencing factors for personality development.
4. the results of this study showed that adolescents blood lead levels and aggressive behavior, there is a positive correlation between extraversion behavior, adolescent twin lead poisoning delinquent behavior, aggressive behavior, externalizing behavior score was significantly higher than the low Pb group. The blood serum Fe and Zn did not show the correlation between.T_4 and coke and behavior and personality the development of the tumor showed positive correlation, and negative correlation with P dimension; three female alcohol has positive correlation with E dimension, and negative correlation with P dimension; the male hormone has positive correlation with E dimension; GH and discipline showed a negative correlation.
5. this study was back, 10 complaints behavior syndrome, anxiety, social, thinking, attention, discipline, attack, inward and outward symptoms of heritability were 0.085,0.159,0.054,0.043,0.126,0.002,0.086,0.076,0.001 and 0.081, E; N, P, personality, the four dimensions of L, the heritability of 0.033,0.029,0.053 and 0.002 respectively; the height, sitting height weight, shoulder, chest and waist heritability were 0.844,0.772,0.793,0.609,0.624 and 0.552 respectively. And other physiological and biochemical indexes, such as the heritability. The behavior and personality development are mainly influenced by environmental factors, physical development are mainly influenced by genetic factors.
research conclusion
This study shows that the twin psychological behavior problem occurrence rate is lower than normal children, social environment, family environment and parental rearing styles are main factors affecting the twin behavior and personality development, through the genetic analysis showed that the early development of twin adolescent behavior problems and personality of youth although influenced by both genetic and environmental however, the influence of environmental factors is far greater than the genetic factors. This suggests that the school, family and society, the relevant departments should according to different gender, different personality characteristics in different age stages and specific cultural background of teenagers, strengthen mental health education, improve the health status of adolescents, making them broaden their horizons, correct understanding of their own, the development of good personality, guiding and promoting them to communicate with colleagues, to reduce the incidence of psychological and behavior problems.
Research innovation
To understand the effects of genetic and environmental factors on the behavior of young people 11-17 years of age and personality development through this research, to find out the main factors influencing the adolescent behavior and personality development, for educators and parents training has a positive guiding significance of educating the next generation of the subject has the following three innovations:
1., we chose twins as the survey population. Based on the ovum identification, we carried out innovative research on the heritability of behavior and personality development.
2. for the first time, the effects of trace elements and hormone secretion on the psychological behavior and personality development of the twins in the middle and early stages of youth were studied.
3. the norm of the behavior and personality development of middle school students in Jining was established for the first time through the implementation of this topic.

【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：B844.2;R179

【引证文献】