大学生专业心理求助决策过程的特征分析

发布时间：2017-12-30 23:47

本文关键词：大学生专业心理求助决策过程的特征分析　出处：《华中师范大学》2007年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 本研究以心理求助阶段决策模型为理论基础，区分出两类客观上需要但实际上不寻求专业心理帮助的大学生。第一类是遇到不能独立解决的心理困扰但从未求助的大学生，第二类是遇到心理困扰向非专业人员求助失败后仍不寻求专业心理帮助的大学生。运用计划行为理论的原理和方法，自编了《大学生心理求助决策过程》问卷，对武汉地区七所代表性大学不同年级和专业的1124名大学生展开调查。在了解目前大学生心理求助行为现状的基础上，着重分析了上述两类大学生专业心理求助行为决策过程的特征，，得到以下几点主要结论： 1、男生的非专业心理求助行为比女生低，专业心理求助意向也比女生低，但在专业心理求助行为上，男女生无显著差异。 2、朋友是大学生首选的求助对象，其次是家人和恋人。心理咨询师在八大类大学生求助对象上排第五。虽然心理咨询师极少成为大学生的第一求助对象，但是部分大学生在求助非专业人员后，也会视心理咨询师为第二或第三求助对象。 3、遇到心理困扰不能独立解决但从未求助的大学生，其在专业心理求助决策过程中评估的主要内容是求助的预期利益、预期危害以及外在条件的限制。能提高其求助意向的具体信念有：专业心理求助可以放松心情，缓解心理压力；发现或认清存在的问题；学到一些自我帮助的方法，加深对自己的了解与认识；改善或解决心理困扰。降低其求助意向的具体信念有：专业心理求助会增加无能感、使旧问题没有解决反而产生新困惑、浪费时间和精力、不能够坚持做咨询、有时间冲突、预约和时间安排等很烦琐。 4、遇到心理困扰向非专业人员求助失败后仍不向专业人员求助的大学生，其在专业心理求助决策过程中评估的主要内容是预期利益、重要他人的态度以及自我效能感。能提高其求助意向的具体信念与第一类大学生相同，但降低其求助意向的信念与第一类大学生的不同，这些信念主要包括：家人和亲密朋友对其专业心理求助的态度、自己是否能向咨询师完全袒露自己、在咨询过程中是否能控制自己的情绪、是否能清楚地向咨询师表述问题。根据上述研究结论，本研究还提出了促进学校心理健康工作的具体措施，包括提高心理咨询师的专业技能和素质、改进宣传方式、提供灵活多样的便利的服务等。
[Abstract]:This study is based on the psychological help stage decision model. Two types of college students who objectively need but in fact do not seek professional psychological help are distinguished. The first category is the college students who encounter psychological distress that can not be solved independently but never ask for help. The second kind is the college students who do not seek professional psychological help after they have failed to seek help from non-professionals. Using the theory and method of planning behavior, the questionnaire of the psychological help seeking decision-making process of college students is compiled. An investigation was conducted on 1124 college students of different grades and majors in seven representative universities in Wuhan. This paper emphatically analyzes the characteristics of the decision-making process of the two types of college students' professional psychological help-seeking behavior, and obtains the following main conclusions: 1. The non-professional psychological help-seeking behavior of boys was lower than that of girls, and the professional psychological help-seeking intention was also lower than that of girls, but there was no significant difference in professional psychological help-seeking behaviors between male and female students. 2. Friends are the first choice for college students, followed by family and lovers. Psychological counselors rank 5th among the eight types of college students. Although psychological counselors rarely become the first object of help to college students. However, some college students, after seeking help from non-professionals, also regard the psychological counsellor as the second or third person to ask for help. 3. College students who can not solve their psychological problems independently but have never asked for help, the main content of their evaluation in the process of professional psychological help seeking decision is the expected benefit of seeking help. The specific beliefs that can improve their intention of seeking help are: professional psychological help can relax mood, relieve psychological pressure; Discover or recognize the existing problems; Learn some self-help methods to deepen their understanding and understanding; To improve or solve psychological distress. The specific beliefs to reduce their intention of seeking help are: professional psychological help will increase the sense of incompetence, so that old problems do not solve but produce new confusion, waste time and energy, can not insist on counseling. Time conflicts, appointments and schedules are cumbersome. 4. College students who do not ask for help from professionals after failing to seek help from non-professionals in their psychological distress, the main content of their evaluation in the process of professional psychological help seeking decision is the expected benefits. The attitudes and self-efficacy of important others. The specific beliefs that can improve their help-seeking intentions are the same as those of the first group of college students, but the beliefs of reducing their help-seeking intentions are different from those of the first-class students. These beliefs include: the attitude of family and close friends to their professional psychological help, whether they can fully reveal themselves to the counsellor, and whether they can control their emotions during the counseling process. Whether the problem can be clearly expressed to the consultant. According to the above conclusions, this study also proposed specific measures to promote school mental health, including improving the professional skills and quality of psychological counselors, and improving the way of publicity. Provide flexible and convenient services, etc.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：B844.2

【引证文献】