中国财政教育支出研究——三个误区及经验证据

发布时间：2019-08-19 18:42

【摘要】：近年来,国内文献对中国教育投入改革的研究有一个显著特点:几乎都把中国财政教育投入规模不足问题作为造成目前教育投入改革困境的一个主要原因。但是,伴随着公共教育政策的不断出台,中央财政持续加大对教育系统的投入,我国财政教育支出不足问题是否仍显突出?它是否仍然是制约中国教育支出改革的主要瓶颈?本文通过对国内文献目前普遍存在的3个误区的说明,运用比较静态分析法和时间序列分析法,来回答上述问题。实证分析获得的经验证据结论表明:(1)从国家层面看,中国财政教育支出已初具规模,且保持一定的增长态势;(2)教育经费投入体系的深层次问题,已无法经由简单提高财政投入来解决,需将政策的重点转至管理的有效与投入的公平方面;(3)中国财政教育支出呈现明显的地区差异,政策目标需因地制宜;(4)需要通过财政转移支付制度,调整教育资源在区域间的分配。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the research on the reform of education investment in China has a remarkable characteristic in the domestic literature: almost all of them regard the shortage of investment in education in China as one of the main reasons for the predicament of the reform of investment in education at present. However, with the continuous introduction of public education policy and the continuous increase of investment in the education system by the central government, is the problem of insufficient financial expenditure on education still prominent? Is it still the main bottleneck restricting the reform of education expenditure in China? Based on the explanation of three common misunderstandings in domestic literature, this paper uses comparative static analysis and time series analysis to answer the above questions. The empirical results show that: (1) from the national level, China's fiscal expenditure on education has begun to take shape and maintain a certain growth trend; (2) the deep-seated problems of the education investment system can no longer be solved by simply increasing financial input, so it is necessary to shift the focus of the policy to the effective and fair aspects of management; (3) China's fiscal expenditure on education shows obvious regional differences, and the policy objectives should be adjusted according to local conditions. (4) the distribution of educational resources among regions needs to be adjusted through the financial transfer payment system.
【作者单位】：华中师范大学教育学院;湖北经济学院财政与公共管理学院;
【基金】：湖北省教育科学“十一五”规划2010年度重点课题(2010A006) 2011年度湖北省教育厅人文社会科学研究青年项目(2011jytq048);2011年度湖北省教育厅科研项目指导性项目(B20112201)
【分类号】：G526;F812.45

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