汽车侧面柱碰结构安全性及乘员损伤仿真研究

发布时间：2018-01-10 22:20

本文关键词：汽车侧面柱碰结构安全性及乘员损伤仿真研究　出处：《兰州交通大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：汽车侧面柱碰事故是指汽车在行驶中因多种原因造成其侧面与刚性柱发生碰撞的事故形态。在此类事故中,由于车身与柱状物的接触面积很小,导致车身局部变形严重,从而使得车内司乘人员受到剧烈的二次碰撞,所产生的的伤亡率大大高于车与车之间侧面碰撞的伤亡率。为了完善我国汽车碰撞安全研究的内容,提高汽车在此类事故中的安全性,因而有必要对汽车侧面柱碰这一事故形态进行研究。本文通过联合LS-DYNA与HyperWorks软件,建立了某乘用汽车在碰撞速度方向与车体纵向轴线成75°角发生侧面柱碰时的有限元模型,对碰撞立面分别通过驾驶员位置处假人头部中心、肋骨中心、胯点,碰撞速度分别为29、32、35 km/h时汽车侧面柱碰事故的形态进行了仿真。基于仿真结果,分析了车体碰撞能量在车身各方向的转移路径,研究了碰撞位置、碰撞速度对车体结构安全性的影响。之后,又利用仿真方法对汽车侧面柱碰事故中ES-2RE型假人在碰撞立面通过其头部中心、碰撞速度为32 km/h工况下的损伤形态进行了研究,并依据所得数据对车内司乘人员身体各部位的损伤进行了分析。研究结果表明:1)当汽车发生侧面柱碰时,碰撞能量最先在车身纵向上开始转移,然后传递至车身垂向,最后在车身横向上结束。2)在所考虑的汽车侧面柱碰三种位置中,当刚性柱轴线与碰撞速度方向构成的碰撞立面通过驾驶员位置处假人头部中心时最为危险。3)在碰撞速度为29 km/h、32 km/h、35 km/h三种情况下,车体结构的安全性在速度为32 km/h时表现最差。4)在此类事故中,车内乘员在头部、下部肋骨与腹部处所受到的伤害最为严重,而人体颈部、骨盆也存在着较大的损伤风险。
[Abstract]:Side column collision accident refers to the accident form in which the side of the vehicle collides with the rigid column due to many reasons. In such an accident, the contact area between the body and the column is very small. The local deformation of the car body is serious, which makes the passengers in the car suffer a severe secondary collision. The casualty rate is much higher than that of side impact between vehicle and vehicle. In order to perfect the research content of vehicle collision safety in our country, improve the safety of vehicle in this kind of accident. Therefore, it is necessary to study the shape of side column collision accident. This paper combines LS-DYNA and HyperWorks software. The finite element model of a passenger vehicle when the impact velocity direction is 75 掳angle with the longitudinal axis of the car body is established, and the impact elevation is passed through the center of the dummy head and the center of the rib respectively at the driver's position. The shape of side column collision accident was simulated at hip point and collision velocity of 29 ~ 32 ~ 35 km/h. Based on the simulation results, the transfer path of vehicle body collision energy in all directions was analyzed. The influence of collision position and speed on the safety of the car body structure is studied. Then the ES-2RE dummy passes through the head center of the collision facade in the side column collision accident. The damage morphology was studied under the condition of 32 km/h impact velocity. According to the obtained data, the damage of various parts of the body of the rider is analyzed. The results show that when the side column of the vehicle is touched, the energy of the collision begins to transfer first in the longitudinal direction of the body. It is then passed to the vertical direction of the body, and finally to the lateral end of the body. 2) in the three positions in which the side column of the vehicle is considered. The collision facade formed by the axis of the rigid column and the direction of the impact velocity is the most dangerous when it passes through the center of the dummy's head at the driver's position) at the collision velocity of 29 km / h ~ (32 km/h). In 35 km/h, the safety of the body structure was the worst at a speed of 32 km/h. 4) in such an accident, the occupant was on the head. The lower rib and abdomen are the most seriously injured, while the neck and pelvis are at great risk.
【学位授予单位】：兰州交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U467.14

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