基于透明度分析的汉语惯用语教学

发布时间：2018-01-07 21:33

本文关键词：基于透明度分析的汉语惯用语教学　出处：《上海外国语大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：汉语惯用语属于汉语熟语，是中国文化的精华之一。惯用语简洁凝练却又寓意深刻地表达了人们的认知、思想、情感以及价值观，不少惯用语历史源远流长，有着很深的文化底蕴，也因此大多数外国汉语学习者虽对惯用语抱着极其浓厚的兴趣，但由于理解方面时常出现偏差，进而产生了畏难的心理。对于日、韩两国的留学生，学习汉语的最终目的往往是顺利自如地交流，因为惯用语在日常交际过程中出现颇为频繁，同时运用汉语惯用语的能力也体现出学生汉语沟通和交流的能力，所以对于日韩留学生而言系统地学习汉语惯用语是尤为必要的。本文通过对25本中高级留学生对外汉语教材中出现的汉语惯用语进行了考察，筛选出了100个最为常用的惯用语，制作调查问卷，将惯用语按照透明度分类。随后又对汉语水平为中高级、在中国的汉字圈留学生，进行静、动态的调查，试分析透明度对留学生理解和习得惯用语的影响并以得出的结论为基础，探究基于透明度的惯用语教学，提出教学建议。全文共分为五个部分：第一章，绪论。交代了选题的意义以及目的、写明了研究的价值以及前人研究的概况。第二章给出了惯用语及其语义透明度的定义和特点、本文惯用语筛选的标准、并同时根据透明度调查结果，将惯用语按照其语义透明度进行分类。第三章，透明度对汉语学习者理解惯用语的影响。该章基于前章已划分好透明度层级的惯用语进一步对日韩留学生进行静态熟悉度调查以及动态惯用语掌握程度的调查，结果使用EXCEL以及SPSS软件进行数据分析和挖掘，得出透明度和熟悉度之间的关系，透明度与掌握程度之间的关系，哪些因素影响留学生对惯用语的影响，并通过口头访问归纳和总结留学生惯用语的理解策略。第四章，汉语惯用语的教学建议。本章给出了对外汉语教学过程中针对汉语惯用语时候的教学原则、教学内容，，并提出基于惯用语语义透明度可行的教学方法，同时给出了部分示例，试图对当前的惯用语教学提出一定建议。第五章，结语。总结全文的主要内容，提出本文的缺点与不足。
[Abstract]:Chinese idioms belong to Chinese idioms and are one of the essence of Chinese culture. Idioms are concise but profound expressions of people's cognition, thought, emotion and values. Many idioms have a long history. Because of the deep cultural background, most foreign Chinese learners have great interest in idioms, but because of the deviation in understanding, they have the psychology of fear of difficulties. The ultimate purpose of learning Chinese is to communicate freely and smoothly, because idioms appear frequently in the daily communication process. At the same time, the ability of using Chinese idioms also reflects the students' ability to communicate and communicate in Chinese, so it is particularly necessary for Japanese and Korean students to learn Chinese idioms systematically. Based on the investigation of 25 Chinese idioms in the teaching materials of Chinese as a foreign language for middle and senior foreign students, 100 most commonly used idioms have been selected and a questionnaire has been made in this paper. Classification of idioms according to transparency. Then the Chinese language level for the advanced, Chinese students in the circle of Chinese, static, dynamic investigation. This paper tries to analyze the influence of transparency on foreign students' understanding and acquisition of idioms and, based on the conclusions reached, explores the teaching of idioms based on transparency and puts forward some teaching suggestions. The full text is divided into five parts: The first chapter, introduction, explains the significance and purpose of the topic, describes the value of the study and the general situation of previous studies. In the second chapter, the definition and characteristics of idioms and their semantic transparency are given, and the criteria of idiom selection are given in this paper. At the same time, according to the results of transparency investigation, idioms are classified according to their semantic transparency. Chapter three. The influence of transparency on the understanding of idioms by Chinese learners. Based on the idioms which have been divided into transparency levels in the previous chapter, the static familiarity survey and dynamic idiom mastery investigation are carried out among Japanese and Korean students. Results the relationship between transparency and familiarity and the relationship between transparency and mastery were obtained by using EXCEL and SPSS software for data analysis and mining. What factors affect the influence of foreign students on idioms, and through oral interviews to summarize and summarize the understanding strategies of idioms of foreign students. Chapter 4th, Chinese idioms teaching advice. This chapter gives the teaching principles and teaching contents of Chinese idioms in the process of teaching Chinese as a foreign language. A feasible teaching method based on semantic transparency of idioms is put forward, and some examples are given to give some suggestions for the current teaching of idioms. Chapter 5th, conclusion. Summarize the main contents of this paper, put forward the shortcomings and shortcomings of this paper.
【学位授予单位】：上海外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H195.3

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