“竟然、居然”语法化研究

发布时间：2018-02-23 06:36

本文关键词： 竟然居然语法化　出处：《广西师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：语法化是近一二十年来语法界又重新兴起的一个热门话题,本文以“竟然、居然”为研究对象,主要分析了两者语法化的历程和语法化的动因和机制。全文共分六部分。引言部分简要介绍了语法化研究的现状,前贤对“竟然、居然”语法化研究的成果,本文研究的重点、方法、语料来源以及采用的汉语史分期方法等等。第一章分析“竟然、居然”句式的语义背景。我们认为两者的句式中都包含着两个语义相互对立的命题,根据常情或预期应该发生的是甲命题的现象,但实际上发生的却是乙命题的现象,这是不符合常情或者是跌出作者预期的,所以让人感到出乎意料。第二章分析“竟然”的语义演变历程以及语法化的句法环境。“最终”是其向“竟然”语法化的语义基础,而”竟”联结的两个命题语义上相互对立则是其语法化的句法环境。第三章分析“居然”的语义演变历程和语法化的句法环境。表示“安然”是“居然”语法化的语义基础,而其语法化的句法环境亦是由于其联结的两个命题语义上相互对立。第四章分析“竟然、居然”在现当代的发展,两者在当代最主要的发展是出现了连用的形式,同时两者还有进一步虚化,发展成为连词的趋势。第五章分析“竟然、居然”语法化的动因和机制,语义、语境、句法环境和语义吸取是两者语法化的主要因素。第六章结语,主要回顾本文的一些主要观点,同时指出一些有待解决的问题。
[Abstract]:Grammaticalization is a new hot topic in the field of grammar in the last ten to twenty years. This paper mainly analyzes the process of grammaticalization and the motivation and mechanism of grammaticalization with "unexpectedly, unexpectedly" as the object of study. The full text is divided into six parts. The introduction briefly introduces the present situation of grammaticalization research, the achievements of the former sages on the grammaticalization research, the emphases, methods, the sources of the corpus and the Chinese history staging methods adopted in this paper, and so on. The first chapter analyzes the semantic background of "unexpectedly, unexpectedly" sentence pattern. We think that both sentence patterns contain two propositions with opposite semantics, according to the phenomenon of "A proposition" that should occur in common sense or expected. But what is actually happening is the B proposition, which is out of line with normal or falls out of the author's expectations, so it's surprising. The second chapter analyzes the process of semantic evolution and the syntactic environment of grammaticalization. "finally" is the semantic basis of its grammaticalization to "unexpectedly", and the two propositions connected by "Jing" are opposite each other in terms of semantics, which is the syntactic environment of grammaticalization. The third chapter analyzes the semantic evolution of "unexpectedly" and the syntactic environment of grammaticalization. It shows that "Enron" is the semantic basis of grammaticalization, and its syntactic environment is also due to the semantic opposition between the two propositions connected with it. Chapter 4th analyzes the development of "unexpectedly, unexpectedly" in modern and contemporary times. The most important development of the two in the present age is the appearance of the form of conjunction, and at the same time, there is a tendency for the two to develop into conjunctions. Chapter 5th analyzes that the motivation and mechanism of grammaticalization, semantic, context, syntactic environment and semantic absorption are the main factors of grammaticalization. The conclusion of chapter 6th mainly reviews some main viewpoints of this paper and points out some problems to be solved.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146

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