泰国中小学系列教材《快乐中国行汉语教程》分析

发布时间：2018-04-05 22:01

本文选题：泰国　切入点：汉语教材　出处：《吉林大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：教材是教师和学生进行教学和学习活动的基本依据。在教学活动的四大环节中（总体设计、教材编写、课堂教学、测试），教材也占据着重要的位置，它既是总体设计的具体体现，同时又是课堂教学和测试的依据。因此对对外汉语教材编写进行研究是非常重要和有意义的。《快乐中国行汉语教程》是由天津市教育委员会指定使用的国际汉语教学教材，由天津实验中学自主编纂专门适用于泰国学生的中泰文对照的中小学汉语系列教材，它的使用范围比较广，，影响很大。还被“汉语桥——宝石王”杯国际汉语大赛指定为中小学组比赛指定教材。但是目前，我们还没有发现对《快乐中国行汉语教程》进行专门研究的文章。因此本文以《快乐中国行汉语教程》为研究对象，主要深入分析这套教材的文化、生词、语法、课文内容、练习方面，寻找这套教材的编写的优点及不足之处。研究所依据的基本标准和参考工具为1996年高等教育出版社的国家对外汉语教学领导小组办公室汉语水平考试部编的《汉语水平等级标准与语法等级大纲》、1992年北京语言学院出版社的国家对外汉语教学领导小组办公室汉语水平考试部编的《汉语水平词汇与汉字等级大纲》。由于对外汉语教材有许多编写原则，不同的学者也有不同的思考问题的角度，我们在对《快乐中国行汉语教程》进行分析时，主要阐述规范性、针对性、实用性和趣味性。研究发现，《快乐中国行汉语教程》在教材编写理论方面，是以遵循了结构、功能、文化等为主要的编写原则，重视培养学习者的综合技能。关于文化方面，发现这套教材体现出明显的地区、文化等方面的针对性。生词方面上：《快乐中国行汉语教程》生词总量不符合初级阶段汉语教学大纲的要求，每课平均生词量差别较大。关于词与语素，编者是很少把一单独语素先进行教学，词与语素几乎没有教学结合。在词性标注方面，这套教材以课文的词性用法来标注，这样对初级学习者来说是很合适，但是有一些生词的词性标注的不正确。关于泰语对译，有很多问题需要改进，比如：泰语翻译不正确或曲解或解释不完整的问题、泰语的拼写字母和声调符号不准确的问题、使用音译来翻译的问题等等。关于语法项目的选取方面，这套教材尚未达到初级一二等级标准语法项目的数量。但是在语法点的编排上做到了从易到难、难易相间、化整为零，突出了重点、分散了语法项目难点等原则。在教材课文内容方面，我们考察了规范性、针对性、实用性和趣味性等四个原则。在规范性方面上，发现课文中的标点符号与语法上的错误出现频繁，特别是语法省略问题。针对性方面，《快乐中国行汉语教程》体现出了很明显的泰国地区的针对性。实用性方面，这套教材做得比较出色。趣味性方面，《快乐中国行汉语教程》做得相当好，课文以生活场景对话为主，内容生动以及时代性也强。《快乐中国行汉语教程》课后的练习量做得比较适度，每课和每册的题量按照由浅入深、从易到难的原则。练习题型也做得比较合理。据研究结果，我们认为《快乐中国行汉语教程》在编写原则上已达到了泰国基础教育外语教学标准的四C原则所设定的目标。这套汉语教材强调在实际交流中培养学生的语言能力，同时在人物交往中也提出中泰两国文化与习俗。此外，课文内容也涉及到很多关联知识，这样使学习者不仅受到语言、文化知识，而且获得了其他知识以及能把所获得的知识使用在实际社区、社会上。
[Abstract]:The teaching material is the basic basis of teaching and learning activities for teachers and students . In the four aspects of teaching activity ( overall design , teaching material preparation , classroom teaching and testing ) , the teaching material also occupies an important position . It is not only the concrete embodiment of the overall design , but also the basis for classroom teaching and testing . Therefore , it is very important and meaningful to study the writing of Chinese teaching materials to the outside world .

The Chinese Academy of Education , which is designated by the Tianjin Education Commission , is a Chinese series of Chinese teaching materials specially adapted for Thai students . It has a wide application range and a great influence . It is also designated as the teaching material for the middle and middle school group contest by the " Chinese Bridge _ gem Wang " Cup International Chinese Competition .

But at present , we haven ' t found a special study on the Chinese curriculum of Happy China . Therefore , this paper focuses on the analysis of the teaching material ' s culture , word , grammar , text content and practice , and looks for the advantages and disadvantages of this textbook .

Based on the basic standards and reference tools of the Institute of Higher Education in 1996 , the Chinese Proficiency Test Department of the State Department of Foreign Language Teaching of the State University of Higher Education in 1996 compiled the Chinese horizontal vocabulary and the Outline of Chinese Characters . As a result of many writing principles of the Chinese teaching materials , different scholars have different thinking problems . In the analysis of the Chinese curriculum vitae of Happy China , we mainly expound the standardization , pertinence , practicability and interest .

It has been found that the textbook compiling theory is based on the principles of structure , function , culture and so on , and pays great attention to the cultivation of learners ' comprehensive skills .

On the cultural aspect , it is found that the teaching material reflects the obvious regional , cultural and other aspects .

In terms of word and morphemes , it is very suitable for primary learners , but there are many problems to be improved . For example , the problem of incorrect translation of Thai language or incomplete interpretation or interpretation , the problem of incorrect spelling of Thai language and the inaccurate sign symbol , the problem of using transliterated translation and so on .

With regard to the selection of grammar items , the teaching material has not yet reached the number of standard grammar items in the junior level . However , in the arrangement of grammar points , the four principles of standardization , pertinence , practicability and interest have been studied .

Happy China ' s Chinese course , after class , has made a relatively modest amount of exercises , and each class and volume of questions is based on the principles of shallow depth and difficulty . The exercise problem type is also made more reasonable .

According to the results of the study , we believe that the Chinese language curriculum of Happy China has reached the goal set by the four C principles of the standard of foreign language teaching in basic education in Thailand . The Chinese teaching material emphasizes the cultivation of students ' language ability in practical communication , and also puts forward the culture and customs of Chinese and Thai . In addition , the content of the text also involves many related knowledge , so that the learner is not only influenced by language and culture , but also obtains other knowledge and can use the acquired knowledge in the actual community and society .

【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H195

【参考文献】