湖南江永允山土话的地理和社会研究

发布时间：2018-04-11 00:36

本文选题：允山土话 + 地理语言学　；参考：《湖南师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：作为江永土话研究的一个重要部分,本文打破过去只研究土话代表点的做法,以行政村为基本单位对江永县允山镇34个土话村从语音、词汇、句子和土话使用状况等方面对允山土话进行了地理和社会研究,试图多方面展示属于江永城关土话片的允山土话的内部差异,并从语言接触的角度分析比较了允山土话和临近的江永潇浦土话、夏层铺土话和回龙圩土话的异同。允山土话虽然属于江永土话的城关片,但是内部有相当一部分处在江永城关土话片和夏层铺土话片的过渡地带。从地理语言学和社会语言学角度对它进行探讨,不仅可以丰富江永土话研究的语料,加深我们对江永土话的了解,对研究语言接触和语言演变也具有重要的理论价值。从地理语言学角度来看：语音方面,允山土话在以下几个方面语音特征比较统一：(1)声调系统；(2)全浊塞音塞擦音送气与否；(3)端母的演变；(4)知庄章组的演变；(5)蟹摄一、二等韵的演变；(6)效摄一、二等肴韵的演变；(7)咸摄开口一等谈韵的演变；(8)阳声韵尾的演化。而在以下几个方面语音特征在地理上存在差异：(1)个别浊上字的归入；(2)全浊定母读音；(3)帮母读音；(4)精组读音；(5)尖团音的对立与否；(6)非母字保留重唇音的形式；(7)效摄一、二等豪韵的演变；(8)咸摄开口一等覃韵的演变。地理交通、行政区划和语言接触是导致允山土话在地理上产生变异的主要因素。词汇方面,“爸爸”、“刺(动词)”和“钻(动词,~个洞),”这几个词的说法在允山镇是一致的,其他像“蜘蛛”、“青蛙”、“蚂蚁”这类动物词和“洞(山~)”,由于不同的土话村所处的自然地理环境和文化心理的差异,在地理空间上存在多种说法。“摇”和“弯”的意义都有新旧两种说法,旧词一般是对古语的保留,新词是受官话的影响而新近出现的说法。人称代词“你”在地理空间上有两种不同读音,主要体现的是语音内部的差异。从社会语言学角度来看：当地人一般掌握了两种或两种以上的语言。目前,土话是当地使用程度最熟练的语言,江永官话是使用范围最广的语言。由于普通话的推广和使用,越来越多的年轻人官话的熟练程度要比上一代差。当地人对土话的认同感相当强烈,这对土话的稳定和保存起了很大的作用。导致允山土话出现社会变异的主要因素有年龄、文化背景、行政区划和语言接触等。
[Abstract]:As an important part of the study of Jiang Yong's vernacular, this paper breaks the past practice of only studying the representative points of the vernacular dialect, taking the administrative village as the basic unit for the 34 vernacular villages of Yunshan Town, Jiangyong County, from the pronunciation and vocabulary.This paper studies the geography and society of Yunshan dialect in terms of sentence and usage of vernacular, and tries to show the internal differences of Yunshan dialect which belongs to Jiang Yong's Chengguan dialect.The similarities and differences between Yunshan dialect and nearby Jiangyongxiaopu dialect, Xiayangpu dialect and Huilongwei dialect are analyzed and compared from the perspective of language contact.Although Yunshan Tuhua belongs to the local dialect of Jiang Yong, there are quite a few in the transitional zone between the Manchukuan Tuhua and the Xia Lianpu dialect.From the perspective of geolinguistics and sociolinguistics, not only can we enrich the corpus of Jiang Yong's vernacular research, deepen our understanding of the local dialect, but also have important theoretical value for the study of language contact and language evolution.From a geolinguistic perspective:In terms of pronunciation, the pronunciation characteristics of Yunshan dialect are relatively unified in the following aspects: 1) tone system 2) the whole turbid syllable plug air purging or not 3) the evolution of the mother of Zhuangzhang Group A) the evolution of the Zhuangzhang Group (1) the evolution of the second class rhyme (1) and the second class rhyme (1) take one.The evolution of the second-class food rhyme (7) the evolution of the rhyme in the first class) the evolution of the rhyme tail of Yang.The evolution of second-class and first-class Qin Yun.Geographical transportation, administrative division and language contact are the main factors leading to geographical variation of Yunshan dialect.In terms of vocabulary, the words "father", "thorn (verb)" and "drill" are consistent in Yunshan Town, and other animal words such as "spider", "frog", "ant" and "cave"Because of the difference of natural geographical environment and cultural psychology in different vernacular villages, there are many kinds of statements in geographical space.The meaning of "shake" and "bend" are both new and old. The old word is usually the reservation to the ancient language, and the new word is a new one which is influenced by the mandarin.The personal pronoun "you" has two different pronunciations in geographical space.From a sociolinguistic perspective:Locals generally master two or more languages.At present, local dialect is the most proficient language, Jiang Yong Mandarin is the most widely used language.Due to the popularization and use of Mandarin, more and more young people are less proficient in Mandarin than in the previous generation.The local people's strong sense of identity to the vernacular has played a great role in the stability and preservation of the vernacular.The main factors leading to the social variation of Yunshan dialect are age, cultural background, administrative district and language contact.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H17

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