“更”、“还”、“再”在比较句中的语义和句法研究

发布时间：2018-04-11 04:12

本文选题：“更” + “还”　；参考：《吉林大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：“更”、“还”、“再”三个副词是教学和学习的重点，前人对“更”和“还”的比较，“更”和“再”的比较做了大量的研究并取得了丰硕的成果，笔者在学习过程中发现了一些前人并未涉及到的三个副词在比较句中的特点，因此本文在前人研究的基础上，将自己的学习所得作以总结、补充。本文主要从语义和句法两个方面对比较句中的三个副词进行了研究，分为四个部分。第一章为绪论，介绍了问题的起源，交代了选题的缘起和意义，研究的对象和语料的来源；对前人的相关研究作以综述；指明本文的创新和不足。第二章研究了“更”、“还”、“再”在比较句中的语义特点。先分析了三个副词在比较句中的共同表义：程度加深义，以前人的论著、词典和例句为依据，对不同的观点进行例证分析，对该观点进行具体论述。接着分析了“更”和“还”的语义预设，通过补充句子，分析论证他们对Y项隐含的语义进行预设。最后，分析了与比较句的比较义相对应的比拟义，认为“更”也可以表示比拟义，只是这种比拟义为说明比拟，而“还”所表示的比拟义为说明比拟和夸大比拟两种。第三章对“更”、“还”、“再”在比较句中的句法特点进行了研究。本章分为四节，研究了七个句式，主要以语言事实为依据，分析三个副词在比较句中的功能、位置以及对短语和句式的选择等。他们在入句时存在着相同点和不同点，本文将他们存在差异的主要原因简单概括如下：“再”只能用于表示未然的句子中，而“更”和“还”既可以用在表示未然的句子中也可以用在表示已然的句子中；“更”多用于表达客观性的陈述，而“还”多用于主观性的描述。第四章为结论部分，分两节总结了前面的内容，，将结论简明扼要的呈现。本文的创新在于对三个副词在比较句中的语义特点进行了系统总结，并且分析了几个在“更”、“还”、“再”方面，前人并未涉及或很少涉及的句式，比如：“不如”句等。本文的不足主要在于没有对其语用功能和差异原因进行深层次探究。
[Abstract]:The three adverbs of "Gan", "Huai" and "Zai" are the focal points of teaching and learning.In the process of learning, the author finds out the characteristics of the three adverbs in the comparative sentences which have not been involved by the predecessors. Therefore, based on the previous studies, this paper sums up and supplements the learning results of the three adverbs.This paper studies three adverbs in comparative sentences from semantic and syntactic aspects, which are divided into four parts.The first chapter is the introduction, which introduces the origin of the problem, explains the origin and significance of the topic, the object of the study and the source of the corpus; summarizes the previous related studies; points out the innovation and insufficiency of this paper.Chapter two studies the semantic characteristics of Gan, Huo and Zai in comparative sentences.This paper first analyzes the common meanings of the three adverbs in the comparative sentences: the degree deepening, the works of previous scholars, the dictionaries and the example sentences.Then it analyzes the semantic presupposition of "Gan" and "Huo", and proves that they presuppose the implied semantics of term Y by adding sentences.Finally, the paper analyzes the comparative meaning corresponding to the comparative sentence, and thinks that "more" can also represent the comparative meaning, but the analogy meaning of "still" is the two kinds of analogy analogy and exaggeration.Chapter three studies the syntactic characteristics of Gan, Huo and Zai in comparative sentences.This chapter is divided into four sections and studies seven sentence patterns, mainly based on linguistic facts, and analyzes the function, position and choice of phrases and sentence patterns of the three adverbs in the comparative sentence.They have similarities and differences when they enter sentences. The main reasons for their differences are summarized as follows: "re" can only be used to express the preexisting sentence."Gan" and "Huo" can be used both in the sentence that represents the preexistence and in the sentence that represents the already; "more" is used to express the objective statement, and the "return" is often used to describe the subjectivity.Chapter four is the conclusion, which is divided into two sections.The innovation of this paper lies in the systematic summary of the semantic characteristics of the three adverbs in the comparative sentences, and the analysis of several sentence patterns in the aspects of "more", "still" and "re", which have not been involved or rarely involved by the predecessors, such as "better" sentences and so on.The main deficiency of this paper is that it does not probe into its pragmatic functions and the causes of its differences.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146

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