创造性叛逆在记者招待会口译中的应用

发布时间：2018-04-11 05:23

本文选题：创造性叛逆 + 应用　；参考：《吉林大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：传统的翻译理论将“忠实”视作翻译的最高原则。在这种理论的指导下，译作被视为原作的复制品，而从事翻译的译员也被给予了各种角色，如作者的“仆人”、“带着脚镣跳舞的舞者”、“隐形人”等。法国文学社会学家罗贝尔·埃斯卡皮(RobertEscarpit)提出“创造性叛逆”一词。他认为，创造性叛逆是译者将原作置于一个前所未有的语言参照系统中，以使其为更广泛的读者接受的必然结果（埃斯卡皮，1987：137）。该术语的提出为审视翻译标准提供了新的视角，即翻译不是原作的机械转化，而是有选择的叛逆行为。这一理论在一定程度上给予了译者发挥主观性的权力。尽管针对翻译中的创造性叛逆的研究已有四十几年的历史了，然而其对象只局限在翻译中的笔译，尤其是文学翻译，对于口译中的创造性叛逆应用方面的研究很少。记者招待会口译具有政治性、即时性、独立性和高压性等特征。在这种情况下，口译员需要精通两种语言，熟悉各领域知识，并且具有强大的记忆力和反应力。汉英两种语言在语言和文化层面存在巨大的差异，例如“意合、形合”这种意识形态差异造成的文本连接差异，文化形象差异和认知差异等，这又使得译员面临不可译的困境。在这种情况下，为了促进双方交流，译员应根据客观条件的要求，主观地对译本进行调整，以最大限度地传达讲话者的意图，即运用创造性叛逆。由此可见，创造性叛逆是译员为了更好地完成跨文化交际所必须的一项技能。虽然创造性叛逆理论给予了译员很大的自由，这并不意味着译员可以随意发挥其主观性。创造性叛逆的应用应该遵循一定的原则，，包括如忠实性、简洁性和明确性等。过度发挥其主观性会导致误译，偏离讲话者的意图。为了能够在口译工作中熟练运用创造性叛逆以传达信息促进交流，译员应当掌握一系列的创造性叛逆的策略以及他们的运用场合。克服语言差异的翻译策略有语言的简化和文本结构的重组，克服文化差异的翻译策略有借入、添加、解释等。本文主要分析创造性叛逆在记者招待会口译中的应用，包括应用的原因、遵循的原则和应用的策略。本文认为最大程度地尊重讲话者意图并对源文本适度的叛逆不仅能克服口译的困难，而且能较好地完成跨文化交际。通过分析大量成功的记者招待会口译材料，本文提出了运用创造性叛逆的具体策略，以期对口译工作和口译研究有所助益。
[Abstract]:The traditional translation theory regards faithfulness as the supreme principle of translation.Under the guidance of this theory, translation is regarded as a replica of the original work, and translators are given various roles, such as the author's "servant", "dancer with shackles", "invisible man" and so on.Rorbert Escarpitt, a French literary sociologist, put forward the term "creative treason".He believes that creative treason is the inevitable result of the translator placing the original in an unprecedented language reference system in order to make it acceptable to a wider audience (Aescapi 1987: 137).The term provides a new perspective for examining translation criteria, that is, translation is not a mechanical transformation of the original work, but a selective act of treason.To a certain extent, this theory gives the translator the power to exert subjectivity.Although the study of creative treason in translation has been carried out for more than 40 years, its object is limited to translation, especially literary translation, and there is little research on the application of creative treason in interpreting.Press conference interpretation is characterized by political, immediate, independent and high pressure.In this case, interpreters need to be bilingual, familiar with various fields of knowledge, and have a strong memory and responsiveness.There are great differences between Chinese and English in terms of language and culture, such as the differences in text connection, cultural image and cognition caused by the ideological differences of parataxis and hypotaxis, which make interpreters face the dilemma of untranslatability.In this case, in order to promote communication between the two sides, the interpreter should adjust the translation subjectively according to the requirements of objective conditions in order to convey the intention of the speaker to the maximum extent, that is, to use creative treason.Therefore, creative treason is a necessary skill for interpreters to better complete intercultural communication.Although the theory of creative treason gives interpreters great freedom, this does not mean that interpreters can exercise their subjectivity at will.The application of creative treason should follow certain principles, such as faithfulness, conciseness and clarity.Excessive use of its subjectivity can lead to misinterpretation, deviating from the speaker's intention.In order to be proficient in the use of creative treason in interpreting to convey information to facilitate communication, interpreters should master a series of strategies of creative treason and their application situations.The translation strategies to overcome language differences include language simplification and the reorganization of text structure, and the translation strategies to overcome cultural differences include borrowing, adding, explaining and so on.This paper mainly analyzes the application of creative treason in press conference interpretation, including the reasons for the application, the principles to be followed and the applied strategies.This paper argues that respecting the speaker's intention to the greatest extent and moderately rebellious against the source text can not only overcome the difficulty of interpreting but also achieve better cross-cultural communication.By analyzing a large number of successful press conference interpreting materials, this paper puts forward specific strategies of applying creative treason in order to be helpful to the interpretation work and interpretation research.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H059

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