《管子》句型研究

发布时间：2018-09-18 08:30

【摘要】：汉语发展源远流长,而上古汉语是其源头,并体现出汉语最原始的状态。《管子》是我国一部影响深远的古代典籍,是百科全书式的学术著作,记载了春秋战国时期文化的许多特点。学者研究《管子》,多注重其思想和文化价值,真正从语法学角度研究《管子》的文章或著作,却很难看到。《管子》反映了先秦中期的语言面貌,在语法学上具有一定的研究价值,值得我们做进一步研究和探讨。以《管子》中的句子为研究对象,使用定量分析和定性分析相结合的方法,在现代汉语语法理论的基础上,从句子结构的角度归纳和统计出其句型,然后再从语法和语义两个层面对这些句子作进一步研究。通过穷尽性地考察《管子》中的单复句,比较异同、分类归纳,揭示汉语句型发展演变的规律,为汉语语法史研究提供重要的先秦语料和理论参考。《管子》中的动词性谓语句是主谓句的主体,具有使用数量大、频率高、类型多、结构复杂的特点,论文从九个方面对其进行重点考察。并列复句结构多样,数量多,约占复句总数的三分之一,是重点考察的对象；分句谓语是动词性词组的使用频率最高,但表并列关系的标记词很少,分句结构基本相同是最主要的形式标志。大量按断复句用来表示论断的肯定性,按语一般比较复杂,断语简短明了,依断语的不同可以分为五大类,其中以判断句作断语的例句最多,所占比例最大,使用标记词“谓”是最主要的形式。因果复句按关联词分别讨论由因推果和由果溯因两种情况,关联词使用频率差别大,前者关联词多用于正句,后者关联词多出现于偏句。
[Abstract]:The development of Chinese has a long history, and the upper-ancient Chinese is its source and reflects the most primitive state of Chinese. Guanzi is a far-reaching ancient book in China and an encyclopedic academic work. Many characteristics of culture during the Spring and Autumn period and the warring States period are recorded. Scholars pay more attention to the thought and cultural value of Guanzi, but it is hard to see that the articles or works of Guanzi really studied from the perspective of grammar. "Guanzi" reflected the language appearance in the middle period of Pre-Qin Dynasty. In the grammar has certain research value, worth us to do further research and discussion. Taking the sentences in Guanzi as the object of study, using the method of combining quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis, on the basis of modern Chinese grammar theory, the sentence patterns are summarized and analyzed from the perspective of sentence structure. Then we further study these sentences from the grammatical and semantic levels. By examining the single and complex sentences in Guanzi, comparing the similarities and differences, classifying and concluding, the author reveals the law of the development and evolution of Chinese sentence patterns. The verb predicate sentence in Guanzi is the subject of the subject-predicate sentence, which has the characteristics of large number, high frequency, many types and complicated structure. This paper focuses on nine aspects. Juxtaposition complex sentences, with a variety of structures and a large number of them, account for 1/3 of the total number of complex sentences, which are the main objects to be investigated, and the predicate is the most frequently used verb phrase, but the marker of the paratactic relation is seldom used. The same sentence structure is the most important formal symbol. A large number of dictional complex sentences are used to express the positive nature of the conclusion. The notes are generally more complex, and the conclusion is brief and clear. According to the differences in the dictation, it can be divided into five major categories, among which the judgment sentence is the most frequently used example sentence, and the largest proportion is the judgment sentence. The use of the marker "predicate" is the most important form. Causality complex sentences are discussed according to the two cases of causal inference and retroactivity. The former is mostly used in positive sentences, and the latter in partial sentences.
【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H141

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