布努语研究

发布时间：2018-12-24 07:33

【摘要】：布努系语属汉藏语系苗瑶语族苗语支语言，主要分为３个方言，即布努方言，包瑙方言、努茂方言，方言中的语言与布努瑶各地方的自称关系密切，所以布努语方言的划分基本上跟布努瑶的自称划分，一个支系单位为一个方言群体，方言的命名往往都是以方言群体的自称为方言代码。然而这样的划分是按照布努语的整个分布的实际情况衡量确定，要做到很精确的划分，难度还是比较大的。因为布努语是一种比较复杂的语言，各方言内部差异并不很大，但是方言与方言之间就有较大的差异了，有的是讲话能听懂，有的是共同熟悉一段时间后才能互相熟悉对话。如包瑙方言白裤瑶跟布努瑶（东挪）支系的布努方言之间的交流要互相熟悉一段时间后才能交流，努茂方言的布努瑶跟布努、东挪的布努方言的对话也是这样。本文主要是对布努语语音词汇系统的考察研究，即以龙关布努语为重点，兼及各方言，从共时的角度首先对布努语语音进行了描写和分析，其次是布努语的词汇系统进行考察研究。全文共有五章。第一章，绪论。介绍布努瑶人文生态环境。如地理与人口分布，布努语研究的历史回顾与成就，本课题研究方法与意义，本文使用材料的来源和说明。第二章，布努瑶与汉族的历史渊源。第三章，布努语的特点和布努语的音位系统。第四章，布努语语音研究。包括布努语的音节研究，即布努语音节结构与形式、音节音素的组合结构、音节声韵调的组合结构、布努语音节数量与分布特征。布努语声韵母的配合关系，即布努语声韵配合，布努语声韵配合简表，布努语声母与声调的配合关系。布努语声调的实验研究，即布努语声调的人工听觉记音，布努语声调的实验研究。实验研究中包括录音字和发音人、声调的表现和声调格局图分析，声调实验研究结论。第五章，布努语词汇研究。主要有三个部分：第一部分是布努语语素、词、词组，即词素和词，词和词组。第二部分是布努语基本词汇，即布努语基本词汇的主要内容，布努语基本词汇分类。第三部分是现代布努语词汇的其他分类法。即现代布努语词汇类聚一，包括布努语基本词和普通词，古语词和新词，方言词和外来词，诗歌词、史诗语等等。现代布努语词汇类聚二包括聚合词、成对词、典故、惯用语、成语、谚语、歇后语等。现代布努语词汇类聚三，包括称谓语、称呼语、禁忌语、委婉语、隐语和黑话，罟词、地名、动植物名等等。现代布努语的词形类聚，，包括同形词（同音词）、异形词、逆序词等。还有现代布努语的词义类聚包括单义词、多义词、同义词、反义词等等。
[Abstract]:The Bunu language belongs to the Miao language branch language of the Miao Yao language family of the Han and Tibetan languages, which is mainly divided into three dialects: Bunu dialect, Baonao dialect, Numao dialect, and the language in the dialect is closely related to the self-proclaimed in each place of Bunu Yao. So the division of Bunu dialect is basically with the self-proclaimed division of Bunuyao, a branch unit is a dialect group, dialect naming is often based on dialect group self-called dialect code. However, such a division is determined according to the actual situation of the whole distribution of the Bunu language, and it is difficult to achieve a very accurate division. Due to the fact that Bunu is a more complicated language, the differences among dialects are not very great, but there are great differences between dialects and dialects, some of which can be understood by speech, and others can only be familiar with each other after a period of mutual familiarity. For example, the communication between Bai Kuyao of Baonao dialect and Bunu dialect of Bunuyao (East Norway) is not possible until they are familiar with each other for some time, so is the dialogue between Bunuyao and Bunu in Numao dialect and Bunu dialect in East Norway. This paper mainly studies the phonetic lexical system of Bunu, that is, focusing on Longguan Bunu and all dialects, it first describes and analyzes the pronunciation of Bunu from a synchronic point of view. Secondly, the lexical system of Bunu is studied. There are five chapters in this paper. Chapter one, introduction. This paper introduces the humanistic ecological environment of Bunuyao. Such as geography and population distribution, the historical review and achievement of Bunu language research, the research method and significance of this subject, the source and explanation of the material used in this paper. Chapter two, the historical origin of Bunuyao and Han nationality. The third chapter, the characteristics of Bunu and the phonetic system of Bunu. Chapter four, the study of Bunu pronunciation. It includes the syllable research of Bunu, that is, the structure and form of Bunu phonetic section, the combination structure of syllable, the combination structure of syllable tone, the quantity and distribution characteristics of Bunu phonetic section. The coordination relationship of the vowels of Bunu language, namely, the coordination of Bunu phonetic rhyme, the brief table of Bunu phonetic rhyme, and the coordination relationship between Bunu vowels and tones. The experimental study on the tone of Bunu, namely, the artificial auditory recording of the tone of Bunu and the experimental study of tone of Bunu. The experimental study includes recording and pronunciation, tone performance and tone pattern analysis, tone experimental research conclusions. Chapter five, the study of Bunu vocabulary. There are three parts: the first part is morpheme, phrase, morpheme and word, word and phrase. The second part is the basic vocabulary of Bunu, that is, the main content of the basic vocabulary of Bunu, the classification of basic vocabulary of Bunu. The third part is the other classification of modern Bunu vocabulary. The lexical categories of modern Bunu include basic words and common words, ancient words and new words, dialect words and loanwords, poetry lyrics, epic words and so on. The lexical cluster of modern Bunu language includes aggregates, pairs, allusions, idioms, proverbs, sayings, etc. The vocabulary of modern Bunu is divided into three categories, including appellation, address, taboo, euphemism, idiom and slang, Kwu, place name, plant and animal name and so on. In modern Bunu, lexical forms are clustered, including homographs (homonyms), heteromorphous words, inverted words, and so on. There are also modern Bunu word categories, including mononyms, polysemous words, synonyms, antonyms and so on.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H216

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