韩中语序制约因素对比研究

发布时间：2018-12-24 08:22

【摘要】：韩国语是SOV型的语言,其语序比较自由,但这并非无限的自由,而是受到一定条件的限制。汉语是SV0型的语言,其语序相对来说较为固定,但这也并非绝对的固定,而是具有一定的灵活性。现有的语序问题研究大都以某一种语言为对象,分析该语言内部的语序制约因素,而其中以韩国语和汉语为比较对象的研究为数不多。本文的意义在于以认同韩国语与汉语语序制约因素的充分可比性为基础,分析韩国语和汉语的语序制约因素,论述其相同点和不同点,从而总结韩国语和汉语语法的本质特征。本文共分五章：第一章,主要说明韩汉语语序制约因素的研究意义、研究现状、相关理论及研究方法。语序类型学、结构语言学和功能语言学的相关理论为本文的研究提供了理论基础和方法上的指导。第二章,分别对韩汉语的固定语序和自由语序进行论述,对比分析韩汉语语序制约的句法因素。在韩国语与汉语的固定语序中,句子成分的排列顺序必须符合句法要求。这种要求同样适用于自由语序,即自由的排列中也包含一定的规律和限制。在此前提下,本章从类型学的角度出发,考察韩国语与汉语句子成分之间的排列顺序,分析和归纳句法层面上的制约,总结两种分属不同语法体系的语言在语序制约层面上的异同。第三章,主要从题元角色与语义格等角度入手,考察韩汉语语序制约的语义因素。本章分析了制约韩国语语序的谓语语义、题元角色等因素和制约汉语语序的语义格、动词语义特征等因素,还分析了韩国语和汉语存现句在成分排列的制约,试图从中找出韩汉两种语言在语序制约的语义因素上的异同。第四章,在语序制约的语用因素部分,将从信息结构的角度对韩国语和汉语的语序制约要素进行考察。句法和语义研究是对句子进行静态分析和描述,而语用研究则是在语境中把握句子的动态和变化。话者会通过语序的重排来强调某种表达,主题化和焦点化则是信息传达中的语用策略。因此本章主要从主题化和焦点化的角度分析韩国语与汉语在语序制约上的异同。第五章是结语,总结本文要点,提出尚未解决的问题。
[Abstract]:Korean is a language of SOV type, its word order is relatively free, but this is not unlimited freedom, but is limited by certain conditions. Chinese is a SV0 language, its word order is relatively fixed, but this is not absolute fixed, but has certain flexibility. Most of the existing researches on word order take a language as the object, and analyze the restriction factors of word order in that language, but there are few researches on Korean and Chinese as comparative objects. The significance of this paper is to analyze the word order constraints between Korean and Chinese on the basis of identifying the sufficient comparability between Korean and Chinese word order constraints, and to discuss their similarities and differences, so as to sum up the essential features of Korean and Chinese grammar. This paper is divided into five chapters: the first chapter, mainly explains the significance of Korean and Chinese word order constraints, research status, relevant theories and research methods. The theories of word order typology, structural linguistics and functional linguistics provide theoretical and methodological guidance for this study. The second chapter discusses the fixed word order and the free word order of Korean and Chinese respectively, and analyzes the syntactic factors that restrict the word order in Korean and Chinese. In the fixed word order of Korean and Chinese, the order of sentence components must conform to syntactic requirements. This requirement also applies to the free word order, that is, the free arrangement also contains certain laws and limitations. On this premise, from the perspective of typology, this chapter examines the arrangement order between Korean and Chinese sentence components, analyzes and induces the syntactic constraints. This paper summarizes the similarities and differences between the two languages belonging to different grammatical systems in word order restriction. Chapter three mainly discusses the semantic factors restricting word order in Korean and Chinese from the perspective of meta-role and semantic case. This chapter analyzes the predicate semantics, the role of the question element, the semantic case of Chinese word order, the semantic characteristics of verbs and so on, and also analyzes the constraints of Korean and Chinese existential sentences in the arrangement of components. This paper tries to find out the similarities and differences between the two languages in the semantic factors of word order restriction. Chapter four, in the part of pragmatic factors of word order restriction, will examine the word order restriction elements of Korean and Chinese from the angle of information structure. Syntactic and semantic research is a static analysis and description of sentences, while pragmatic research is to grasp the dynamics and changes of sentences in context. The speaker emphasizes a certain expression through word order rearrangement, and theming and focusing are pragmatic strategies in the communication of information. Therefore, this chapter mainly analyzes the similarities and differences between Korean and Chinese in word order restriction from the point of view of theme and focus. The fifth chapter is the conclusion, summarizes the main points of this paper, and puts forward the unsolved problems.
【学位授予单位】：延边大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146;H55

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