汉语定向移动事件集群及其英语对应集群比较

发布时间：2019-06-04 21:58

【摘要】：二十一世纪以后的学者开始对移动事件进行了专项性对比研究,但从英语出发进行英汉对比,他们的解释在英语的局限下从功能的角度进行浅显的分析,并没有充分地运用汉语或英语的现有研究成果。本文是以“词群-词位变体”和“语义基元结构”两种理论为基础,构建了汉英定向类移动事件集群系统,并且就其内部的语义构成成分和彼此子集之间的联系进行了全面的考察和解释。全文共分成五个章节,其主要的内容简述如下：第一章绪论是本文的开篇之章,主要交代了选题缘由、国内外的研究状况、研究思路、研究范围、研究的技术实现、研究目标以及研究意义,并且对语料、文中术语进行了规范。本章的目的是点明论文的独创之处,即定性又定量地分析对比定向移动事件集群,探讨在事件结构框架下,以“基元结构”理念以及“词群一词位变体”理论构建的某类汉英移动事件结构下集群中心元素与周边元素的关联理据,系统地分析汉英移动事件集群的事件要素、系联机理以及子集与子集之间、以及群内的各个变体之间的不同关系,将事件扩展到“词”级别之上,寻求篇章理解的基础。第二章主要探讨了跨语言定向移动事件集群的框架基础。定向移动事件集群是在定向移动事件结构框架下,沿用萧国政先生的“基元结构”的相关理念(2011)以及“词群一词位变体”理论(2007)建构的,并以狭义移动动词观为统领规则,在事件框架下就某一小类进行微观汉英差异对比. 本章对汉英移动事件集群词元进行了考察,最终,基于“移动”这个区别性语义特征和“方向”这个空间属性,严格选词范围,选出定向移动事件集群中的所有定向移动类动词一共有103个词元,英语对应集群有48个词元,并将词元幻化成几何图示,按照空间维度绘出汉英定向移动事件集群层级图。第三章拟建了汉语定向移动事件集群。语言表示与经验直接相关,汉语是表意文字,一个词语集群代表了一个经验的分类,即词汇的范畴化。汉语纵向类移动集群词元的方向都是与地面水平面成一定角度的,比较而言,是一种相对费力的生活体验,因此“横向”类有61个词元的数目,而有35个词元的“纵向”类就显得少得多,在直线类如此庞大词元的基础之上,曲线类集群起了完善整个定向移动事件集群的作用,所以只有相对更少的7个成员。定向移动事件集群成员分布的极不对称与人类的生活直接经验密切相关,这正是直接经验在语言系统的投射。第四章英语对应集群。汉语和英语虽然属于不同语言系统,两种语言空间的符号也不同,但语言概念符号体系是同一的,这样不同的语言才可进行交流。英语是典型的卫星框架语言,用介词或副词作为移动路径,汉语则糅合了卫星框架语言和动词框架语言的特点,既可以用动词,也可以用介词或副词作移动路径。将汉语的移动事件集群及其英语对应集群进行事件结构对比,在同样表示“带方向移动”的语义时,英语对应集群共有48个词元,其数目明显要少于汉语定向类移动事件集群词元的数目,移动事件概念基元结构投射到汉语与英语两种不同语言的句法框架上,是存在一定差异的,汉语的引导词比英语多,处所词的位置更加多变,在移动主体后置的情况下,汉语移动事件的句法结构形式比其英语对应集群事件的句法结构形式要丰富得多。当不需要出现终点时,英语定向类对应集群词元通常用副词或零形式表示路径。但是英语对应集群中的某些词元可以直接用于致使移动,汉语定向类移动事件要素却需要借助一定的语法手段才能得以句法实现。第五章是结论部分。不仅概述了全文的创新点和相关结论,而且指出了本研究中的深度和广度的几点不足之处,并强调了下一步研究工作的重点。
[Abstract]:In the twenty-first century, the scholars began to carry on a special comparative study on the mobile events, but from the point of view of the English, the English and Chinese comparison, their interpretation from the function point of view of the analysis, and did not fully use the existing research results of Chinese or English. Based on the two theories of "word group-word-position variation" and "semantic primitive structure", this paper constructs a Chinese-English class mobile event cluster system, and makes a thorough investigation and explanation on the relationship between the internal semantic components and the subsets. The full text is divided into five chapters. Its main contents are as follows: In the first chapter, the first chapter is the chapter of the article, which mainly explains the reason of the topic, the research situation at home and abroad, the research thought, the research scope, the technology realization of the research, the research goal and the research. to study the meaning, and to make a reference to the corpus and the terms in the text The purpose of this chapter is to point out the originality of the paper, that is, the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the contrast-oriented mobile event cluster, and discuss the structure of the event In the framework, the association motivation of the cluster center element and the peripheral element under the structure of a certain type of Chinese-English mobile event, which is constructed by the concept of primitive structure and a word-of-word variant of the word group, systematically analyzes the event elements, the tie-in mechanism and the sub-set of the Chinese-English mobile event cluster. The different relationships between the sets, as well as the various variants within the cluster, extend the events above the "word" level and look for a chapter understanding The second chapter mainly discusses the cross-language oriented mobile event cluster. The orientation mobile event cluster is constructed in the framework of the directional mobile event structure, using the related concept (2011) of Mr. Xiao Guzheng's "primitive structure" and the "a word-of-speech variant of a word group" theory (2007), and moving the verb view in a narrow sense. In that framework of an event, a small category of the micro-Chinese is conduct for the rule of command. In this chapter, the Chinese-English mobile event cluster word element is investigated, and finally, based on the "move"-based semantic feature and the "direction"-space attribute, the word range is strictly selected, and all the directional mobile-class verbs in the directional mobile event cluster are selected There are 103 word elements, the corresponding cluster of English has 48 word elements, and the part of the word element is changed into a geometric figure, and the Chinese-English directional movement is drawn according to the spatial dimension Event cluster level diagram. Chapter 3 Proposed Chinese Language-oriented mobile event cluster. The language representation is directly related to the experience, the Chinese is the ideographic characters, and a word cluster represents an experience. The category of the words, that is, the category of the words. The direction of the Chinese longitudinal movement cluster word elements is an angle to the ground level. In comparison, it is a relatively laborious living experience, so the "transverse" class has 61 word elements, and the

"Portlet" class is much less, and on the basis of such a large part of the linear class, the curve cluster has the function of perfect the whole directional mobile event cluster, so only A relatively small number of 7 members. The very asymmetry of the distribution of the members of the targeted mobile event cluster is closely related to the direct experience of human life, which is directly A projection of a language system. The fourth chapter is the corresponding cluster of English. Although Chinese and English belong to different language systems, the symbols of the two language spaces are different, but the symbol system of the language concept is the same. English is a typical language of a satellite frame, and a preposition or an adverb is used as the path of movement. In Chinese, the characteristics of the language of the satellite frame and the language of the verb frame can be used as a verb, and can also be used as a verb. A mobile path is made with prepositions or adverbs. The event structure of the mobile event cluster and its corresponding cluster in Chinese is compared. In the same way, there are 48 words in the English corresponding cluster, and the number of them is obviously less than that of the Chinese directional cluster. The number of the mobile event cluster word elements, the concept primitive structure of the mobile event is projected to the syntactic framework of the two different languages of Chinese and English, In the case of the postposition of the mobile main body, the syntactic structure of the Chinese mobile event is higher than that of the English corresponding cluster event The form of the syntactic structure is much more abundant. When the end point is not needed, the corresponding cluster word element of the English-oriented class usually A path is expressed in the form of an adverb or a zero. However, some of the word elements in the English corresponding cluster can be used directly to cause the movement. The elements of the Chinese directional movement event need to be used in a certain language. the method of law can be syntactically The fifth chapter is the conclusion part. It not only summarizes the innovation point and relevant conclusion of the full text, but also points out the deficiency of the depth and breadth in this study, and
【学位授予单位】：武汉大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H04

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